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1.
Rev. biol. trop ; 66(2): 826-835, abr.-jun. 2018. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, SaludCR | ID: biblio-977348

ABSTRACT

Resumen La leishmaniasis es una enfermedad con una alta incidencia en el ser humano, que puede ser controlada, pero como los tratamientos tienen efectos secundarios importantes se han realizado estudios de diversas plantas con el fin de encontrar compuestos con actividad antileishmaniásica que presenten pocos efectos nocivos para el ser humano. El presente estudio consistió en realizar un tamizaje fitoquímico de la planta, para identificar la presencia de cumarinas, terpenos, triterpenos y azúcares reductores. El objetivo fue encontrar componentes químicos puros con actividad contra el parásito Leishmania sp. Por tal razón se purificaron los compuestos: trans-Z-alfabisaboleno y el Safrol, a los que se les realizaron pruebas del efecto anti parasitario que presentaron un CI50 de 50.0 µg/mL y 0.0 µg/mL, respectivamente. Además, se discute la importancia de estos nuevos hallazgos. El compuesto mayoritario presente en los aceites esenciales (Safrol) no es el componente que presentó la actividad. Es importante realizar estudios sobre su proyección en el tratamiento de la leishmaniasis.


Abstract The leishmaniosis disease incidence is high in tropical regions, and its current treatment has shown severe secondary effects. Considering this problem, many studies have focused on plants, looking for chemical components that have anti-leishmanial activity, and are free of adverse effects for human beings. The purpose of this work was to find a chemical component with this kind of activity in Piper auritum. In a phytochemical screening of this plant, we found some cumarins, terpens, triterpens and reducing sugars; and later, we identified the components trans-Z-α-bisabolene epoxide and Safrol. The first component presented a CI50 of 50.0 µg/mL of anti-Leishmania activity. The Safrol, which is the major component of the essential oils of this plant, did not show antiparasitic activity. These results are discussed considering treatment of leishmaniasis. Rev. Biol. Trop. 66(2): 826-835. Epub 2018 June 01.


Subject(s)
Safrole/therapeutic use , Leishmaniasis , Trypanosomatina , Piperaceae/parasitology , Epoxy Compounds , Phytochemicals/administration & dosage , Monocyclic Sesquiterpenes/therapeutic use , Leishmania
2.
Rev. cuba. plantas med ; 19(4): 443-450, out.-dez. 2014. tab, Ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: lil-750681

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: el Piper auritum Kunth comúnmente conocido como caisimón de anís, o anisón en algunas regiones del país, es una planta ampliamente utilizada como antiinflamatorio tópico. Tanto la hoja calentada como la decocción aplicada sobre la zona dañada son empleadas por la población con este fin. OBJETIVO: determinar la toxicidad aguda tópica y la irritabilidad dérmica primaria de la decocción al 50 % de hojas frescas de Piper auritum. MÉTODOS: se emplearon hojas frescas colectadas el mismo día del ensayo y se utilizaron las técnicas descritas en las guías de la Organización para la Cooperación Económica y el Desarrollo (OECD), la 434 para la toxicidad dérmica utilizando ratas Wistar, manteniendo la decocción por 24 horas en contacto con la piel previamente afeitada; el peso de los animales fue controlado antes, durante y al concluir el experimento. Y la OECD 404 para la irritabilidad tópica empleando conejos Nueva Zelanda aplicando el extracto por 4 horas a la zona rasurada. RESULTADOS: no se apreciaron signos ni síntomas de toxicidad por la absorción dérmica en las ratas ni se observó evidencia de edema ni eritema en los conejos empleados. CONCLUSIONES: la decocción al 50 % de Piper auritum Kunth posee un índice de irritabilidad y una toxicidad dérmica bajas en nuestras condiciones de ensayo.


INTRODUCTION: Piper auritum Kunth, commonly known as caisimón de anís or anisón in some regions of the country, is a plant widely used as topical anti-inflammatory. To this end, leaves may be warmed up and applied to the damaged area or a decoction prepared and drunk. OBJECTIVE: determine the acute topical toxicity and primary dermal irritability of a 50 % decoction of Piper auritum fresh LEAVES. METHODS: fresh leaves collected on the same day of the assay were used to prepare a decoction, following the techniques described in Guideline 434 of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD 434) about dermal toxicity in Wistar rats. Decoction was kept in contact with previously shaved skin for 24 hours. The weight of animals was controlled before, during and upon completion of the experiment. OECD Guideline 404 was used for topical irritability in New Zealand rabbits, applying the extract to a previously shaved area for 4 hours. RESULTS: no sign or symptom of toxicity due to dermal absorption was observed in the rats. Rabbits did not show any evidence of edema or erythema. CONCLUSIONS: Piper auritum Kunth 50 % decoction has a low irritability and dermal toxicity rate in our test conditions.


Subject(s)
Rats , Plants, Medicinal/toxicity , Anti-Inflammatory Agents , Rats, Wistar
3.
Rev. cuba. plantas med ; 16(2): 209-215, abr.-jun. 2011.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-615723

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Piper auritum Kunth (caisimón de anís) es una de las plantas más utilizadas tradicionalmente en Cuba por sus propiedades antiinflamatorias, analgésicas y cicatrizantes. Objetivos: reportar un caso clínico que sufrió una reacción adversa por automedicación de hojas de Piper auritum. Métodos: se revisó la literatura y la historia clínica de una paciente femenina atendida en el servicio del Hospital Universitario Dr Miguel Enríquez, Servicio de Cirugía Plástica y Caumatología. Resultados: se presentó el caso de una paciente que sufrió lesiones por quemaduras hipodérmicas y sus consecuencias al aplicar hojas de P auritum de forma incorrecta sobre la piel de las mamas, que necesitaron autoinjertos de piel laminar de espesor parcial medio con resultados satisfactorios. Conclusiones: es importante la orientación por personal especializado para el uso de las plantas medicinales


Introduction: Piper aurifum Kunth (caisimón de anis) is one of the most used plants traditionally in Cuba because of its anti-inflammatory, analgesic and healing properties. Objectives: to report a clinical case suffering from an adverse reaction caused by self-medication with Piper aurifum leaves. Methods: the medical literature and the medical history of a female patient, who was seen at Dr Miguel Enríquez university hospital plastic surgery and burn treatment service, were reviewed. Results: the case of a patient who suffered lesions from hypodermic burns caused by the wrong application of P aurifum leaves on the breast skin was presented. It was necessary to use laminar skin autografts of average partial thickness to cure the lesions, with satisfactory results. Conclusions: it is important that specialists provide appropriate instructions about the use of medicinal plants


Subject(s)
Burns , Necrosis , Piper/adverse effects
4.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 105(2): 168-173, Mar. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-544622

ABSTRACT

Leishmaniasis is one of the most important parasitic infections, but current treatments are unsatisfactory due to their toxicity, cost and resistance. Therefore, the development of new antileishmanial compounds is imperative. Many people who live in endemic areas use plants as an alternative to treat the disease. In this paper, we characterised the essential oil from Piper auritum, evaluated its cytotoxicity and determined its antileishmanial activity. The chromatogram obtained by gas chromatography revealed 60 peaks and we found that safrole was the most abundant compound, composing 87 percent of the oil. The oil was active against the promastigotes of Leishmania major, Leishmania mexicana, Leishmania braziliensis and Leishmania donovani with a favourable selectivity index against peritoneal macrophages from BALB/c mice. The Piper-oil inhibited the growing of intracellular amastigotes of L. donovani with an IC50 value of 22.3 ± 1.8 ìg/mL. This study demonstrates the usefulness of the essential oils as a promising alternative to treat leishmaniasis.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Mice , Antiprotozoal Agents/pharmacology , Leishmaniasis/drug therapy , Macrophages, Peritoneal/drug effects , Oils, Volatile/pharmacology , Piper/chemistry , Plant Oils/pharmacology , Antiprotozoal Agents/chemistry , Antiprotozoal Agents/isolation & purification , Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Oils, Volatile/chemistry , Oils, Volatile/isolation & purification , Parasitic Sensitivity Tests , Plant Oils/chemistry , Plant Oils/isolation & purification
5.
Rev. cuba. plantas med ; 11(3/4)jul.-dic. 2006.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-629681

ABSTRACT

Se evaluó la toxicidad aguda del extracto fluido de Piper auritum H.B.K. así como su actividad genotóxica a través de dos sistemas de ensayo a corto plazo, uno in vitro empleando la cepa D-30 de Aspergillus nidulans y otro in vivo, el ensayo de micronúcleos en médula ósea de ratón. Los resultados permiten concluir que el extracto fluido de P. auritum H.B.K. mostró muy baja toxicidad aguda y resultó genotóxico in vitro pero no in vivo .


The acute toxicity of fluid extract from Piper auritum H.B.K. as well as its genotoxic activity were evaluated through two short term assay systems, one in vitro using the D-30 strain of Aspergillus nidulans and, another in vivo, the micronuclei assay in mouse bone marrow. The results allow to conclude that the fluid extract from P.auritum H.B.K. showed a very low acute toxicity and that it proved to be genotoxic in vitro but not in vivo .

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